Arousal
Arousal is the overall level of physiological and mental mobilization in the body, from deep sleep to extreme excitement. In itself it is neutral: it is the "fuel" of readiness, and it can either help or get in the way.
Definition
Arousal is the intensity of activation in the nervous system and the body as a whole — a measure of how "charged up" a person is. Unlike anxiety, arousal carries no emotional colour: a high level can feel like exhilaration or like panic. Its relationship with performance is described by the Yerkes-Dodson law.
How it shows up in sport
Too little arousal means sluggishness, apathy, never getting going; too much means fidgeting, tightness and loss of control. Too little or too much arousal is often what lies behind the complaint "I can't get myself together at competitions". The optimal level is individual and depends on the sport: a sprinter needs peak activation, a shooter needs calm.
Related tests
Arousal is assessed with scales of well-being, perceived tension and pre-competition states. You can take these assessments in the tests section. Tracking these readings helps you work out the range of arousal in which you perform best.
Exercises
Arousal can be raised (a brisk warm-up, rhythmic music, self-activation) and lowered (breathing, relaxation). Sets of techniques for both getting fired up and settling down are in the exercises section. The key skill is deliberately bringing yourself to your own optimal level before the start.
Related terms and issues
Closely tied to the Yerkes-Dodson law, the individual zone of optimal functioning and somatic anxiety. The practical version of this is I can't get myself together at competitions. Our specialists can help you find your own arousal routine.
FAQ
Are arousal and anxiety the same thing?
No. Arousal is a neutral level of activation in the body, while anxiety is a negatively coloured state. High arousal can feel like drive or like anxiety — it depends on how you read it.
What level of arousal is optimal?
It is individual and depends on the sport and the person: some events need peak energy, others need calm composure. The idea of a zone of optimal functioning helps you find your own range.
Related topics
See also
When you need a personal review
If the challenge recurs, affects results, or causes strong tension for the athlete, it is better to discuss it with a specialist. Sports Talk helps you find a psychologist and a format that fits the sport, age and upcoming calendar.